Kansas History
1970-1974: The early years and changing lineups
Lynn Meredith, Don Montre, Dan Wright and Kerry Livgren were together in 1969 in a band called The Reasons Why. They changed their name to Saratoga and started playing Livgren's original material with Scott Kessler on bass and Zeke Lowe on drums. They soon changed their name again to Kansas and took on some new band members in 1970.
Dave Hope (bass), Phil Ehart (drums), and Kerry Livgren (guitar, and later keyboards) formed the progressive rock group named Kansas in 1970 in their hometown of Topeka, Kansas, along with vocalist Lynn Meredith from Manhattan, Kansas, keyboardist Don Montre, keyboardist Dan Wright, and saxophonist Larry Baker. This was the first lineup of Kansas and lasted until 1971, when Ehart left for England. Fans refer to this lineup as Kansas I.
Ehart was replaced by Zeke Lowe and later Brad Schulz. Hope was replaced by Rod Mikinski on bass, and Baker was replaced by John Bolton on saxophone and flute. Fans refer to this lineup as Kansas II.
In the meantime, Ehart and Hope formed a group called White Clover with Robby Steinhardt (violin, vocals), Steve Walsh (keyboards, vocals) and Rich Williams (guitar). They changed their name to Kansas when they recruited Livgren from the second Kansas group, which then folded. A demo, cut at a small studio in Liberal, KS for a $300 fee wound up in the hands of a contact on the east coast, and good news came about the tape while the band was gigging in Dodge City, KS in 1973.[1] Kansas III soon received a record deal with Don Kirshner's eponymous label, and they recorded the first Kansas album shortly thereafter.
1974-1979: A gradual rise to national prominence A somewhat successful debut album, Kansas (#174), was released in 1974, and showcased Kansas' signature mix of guitars, keyboards, vocals, and Steinhardt's ever-present violin submerging American-style boogie-rock into complex, even symphonic, arrangements and changing time signatures. Their sound bore the marks of late 1960s, early 1970s progressive rock, especially Emerson, Lake and Palmer. Relentless promotion by Kirshner and touring behind the debut album and its two follow ups, Song for America (#57) and Masque (#70), slowly brought Kansas' name to households across America.
During the mid-seventies they developed into one of the most monumental rock bands of their time to see in concert, becoming a major headlining act for several years, selling out large arenas and concert halls.
On the strength of the major hit single "Carry on Wayward Son" (#11) the band's fourth album, Leftoverture (#5), released in 1976 was a smash hit and a constant presence on the burgeoning AOR radio format. The follow up Point of Know Return (#4), released in 1977, featured the title track (#28) and "Dust in the Wind" (#6), both hit singles, and was an even bigger success than Leftoverture. Both albums had unique album covers, with Leftoverture having a DaVinci-like individual on the cover, and Point of Know Return having an image of the age old idea of the edge of the world on its cover. Both albums have sold over 4 million copies in the USA alone, as has the band's popular greatest hits collection.
The 1979 album Monolith (#10), which featured lyrics influenced by The Urantia Book, was less popular, although it included the hit single "People of the South Wind" (#23). The album cover features what appears to be a tribe of Sioux warriors living under the ruins of highway overpasses. The cover also deals with semi-futuristic influences, as the view of the moon behind the Sioux chieftain on the cover and the ruin of the overpass emulate an otherworldly atmosphere. It is also widely believed that the name Kansas itself is Indian for People Of The South Wind.
1980-1983: Creative tensions and controversial directions Kansas began to fall apart in the early 1980s. Kerry Livgren became a born-again Christian, and this was reflected in his lyrics on the next three albums, beginning with Audio-Visions (#26). Dave Hope soon converted to Christianity as well, and it became obvious to Walsh that Kansas was moving in a different creative direction. As a result, he left to form a new band, Streets. Walsh was replaced by vocalist John Elefante, also a born-again Christian, who along with his brother Dino, later became known for producing albums for Christian rock bands Petra, Bride and Guardian.
Kansas' first album with Elefante, Vinyl Confessions (#16), released in 1982, was their most successful studio release since Point of Know Return. The record generated the band's first top twenty hit in years with "Play the Game Tonight" (#17), and the album's overtly Christian lyrics attracted an entirely new audience of evangelical Christians, who used lyrics from the record in religious tracts handed out after Kansas concerts.
By 1983, Kansas had scheduled time to record their next album, but the changes in the band that had begun with Audio-Visions were more fully manifesting themselves. Robby Steinhardt failed to show up to record the album. Kerry Livgren was holding some of his best material back due to more explicit Christian content, intending to save them for his second solo album. Kansas' next release Drastic Measures (#41) was written mostly by the Elefante brothers, with just three tracks from Livgren, although all three have been favorites among many fans. The change in musical direction was closer to the sound of 1980s bands Loverboy or Foreigner than Kansas' earlier work. Livgren had always felt pressure from the music industry to produce more commercially viable material, and ironically such attempts always led to commercial failure, while their most successful material was never intended as hits. But the band's new direction did seem more commercially directed on Drastic Measures, and this was reflected in the lyrics of "Mainstream," a criticism of the dominant mindset within the music industry, which ironically the very album it was on was coming closer to reflecting.
During the Elefante years of Kansas, Livgren and Hope had been feeling more distant from the other band members, and Livgren was becoming increasingly uncomfortable with Kansas representing his Christian worldview. After a final New Years' Eve performance on December 31, 1983, Livgren and Hope left to form AD with former Bloodrock member Warren Ham, who had toured with Kansas in 1982, and Michael Gleason, who had toured with Kansas in 1983. They were joined by drummer Dennis Holt. Elefante, Ehart, and Williams sought to continue, as demonstrated by their recording of one more song for the 1984 The Best of Kansas, but that was the last effort by the band with Elefante, whose main attraction to the band had been Livgren. In recent years, Elefante has become a popular contemporary Christian music singer and has never again performed with Kansas in any of its reconstituted lineups.
1986-present: Reformation and relentless touring In 1986, the band came back together with Walsh but sans Livgren, Hope, and Steinhardt. They released Power with new bassist Billy Greer (whom Walsh had worked with in Streets), guitarist Steve Morse formerly of the Dixie Dregs, and notably, no violin player (though in concert, Morse would perform the solo on "Dust in the Wind" on a violin). "All I Wanted," from Power became the last Kansas single to hit the Billboard Magazine Top 20 charts. 1988 saw this lineup's second album, In the Spirit of Things, a favorite of several band members but a commercial failure. Morse left the band at the end of this tour.
In 1990, a German promoter arranged to reunite all the original members of Kansas III except Steinhardt for a European tour. Greer joined them, along with keyboardist Greg Robert, who had been touring with them in the Steve Morse years. At the end of the tour, Hope left again but Livgren remained on into 1991, which also saw the return of the violin but this time in the form of David Ragsdale. Livgren left during the 1991 tour, to be replaced temporarily by Steve Morse again. After the tour, Morse left, saying that David Ragsdale could cover the extra guitar parts, leaving Rich Williams as the primary guitar player. The resulting lineup of Ehart, Greer, Ragsdale, Robert, Walsh, Williams last from 1992 through 1997. This period saw one live album, Live at the Whiskey, in 1992, and the 1995 fan-favorite Freaks of Nature, a return to classic form that nonetheless did not make a mark.
In 1997, Robert and Ragsdale left the band, and Robby Steinhardt returned. They recorded Always Never the Same with an orchestra as a sixth band member, featuring mostly older songs alongside a few new ones and one cover. Kansas has continued to tour year after year, but the band has never been able to regain any mass popularity or critical notice even despite the decent sales of Somewhere to Elsewhere, an album that featured all original members of Kansas III plus Greer, with all songs written by Livgren. The album sold very well on the Internet when it was first released, charting at Number 10 on the Billboard Internet sales charts its first week.
In 2002, Kansas II, the Kansas lineup before the group that recorded the first album, released an album of demos and live material they had recorded from 1971-1973. For legal reasons and a desire not to ride on the success of Kansas III, they decided to use the name Proto-Kaw. This led to a new album by most of the Kansas II members called Before Became After in 2004 and simultaneous tours by both Kansas groups. Proto-Kaw released a third album in 2006, entitled The Wait of Glory.
Kansas has announced a 2006 road schedule. The tour was delayed for a few weeks in connection with the surprise announcement that original violinist and secondary lead singer Robby Steinhardt had left the band [2]. He had left in 1983 but returned in 1997. Robby was a central part of the band's live shows, acting as the defacto emcee during both tenures with the band. David Ragsdale has subsequently returned to the lineup at violin.
Continued influence With classic rock continuing to be a strong genre of music, Kansas' influence has continued to inspire bands. There have been covers of "Carry on Wayward Son" by bands such as Rachel Rachel and Critical Mass as well as continuing appearances on album soundtracks such as the movies Heroes and Anchorman. Even country superstars The Oak Ridge Boys have weighed in with a cover. Also progressive metal Vanden Plas has covered Kansas, by making a somewhat heavier cover of "Point of Know Return." "Dust in the Wind" has been covered by Christian artists Billy Smiley and Acappella and by New York Yankee's center fielder and aspiring jazz guitarist Bernie Williams on his 2004 debut album "The Journey Within".
The band's biggest single, "Dust in the Wind," has gained some recent acclaim, being used in a Subaru commercial and in the film Old School. The single was certified Gold as a digital download by the RIAA in 2005, almost 30 years after it sold 1 million copies as a single.
Discography
Studio Albums 1974 Kansas 1974 Song for America 1975 Masque 1976 Leftoverture 1977 Point of Know Return 1979 Monolith 1980 Audio-Visions 1982 Vinyl Confessions 1983 Drastic Measures 1986 Power 1988 In the Spirit of Things 1995 Freaks of Nature 1998 Always Never the Same 2000 Somewhere to Elsewhere
Live Albums 1978 Two for the Show 1992 Live at the Whisky 1998 King Biscuit Flower Hour Presents Kansas 2002 Device, Voice, Drum [CD/DVD] 2003 Greatest Hits Live [re-release of King Biscuit Flower Hour Presents Kansas]
Compilations 1984 The Best of Kansas 1992 Carry on 1998 The Kansas Boxed Set 1999 The Best of Kansas [expanded] 2002 The Ultimate Kansas 2004 Sail on: The 30th Anniversary Collection 2005 on the Other Side [re-release of Carry on] 2006 Works in Progress
출처 : Wikipedia |